ABSTRACT
Objetivo. Determinar la concentración de vitamina D en pacientes de entre 6 y 18 años de edad sometidos a un seguimiento por asma y la relación entre la concentración de vitamina D y el control y la gravedad del asma. Materiales y métodos. Se inscribió en el estudio a pacientes con asma y voluntarios sanos de entre 6 y 18 años de edad, asignados al grupo de pacientes y al grupo de referencia, respectivamente. Se registraron las características demográficas y los hallazgos clínicos de los pacientes, y se les realizó una prueba funcional respiratoria. Se estimaron el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y la concentración de 25-hidroxi vitamina D (25(OH)D), calcio, fósforo, fosfatasa alcalina, inmunoglobulina E total y eosinófilos de todos los pacientes. La gravedad del asma y las condiciones de control se determinaron según los criterios de la Iniciativa Global para el Asma (Global Initiative for Asthma, GINA). Resultados. Se incluyó a 72 pacientes con asma y a 66 niños sanos. En comparación con el grupo de referencia, en el grupo de pacientes se detectó una menor concentración de vitamina D. En 38 (52,8%) niños del grupo de pacientes con asma se observó deficiencia de vitamina D; en este grupo, el control del asma era deficiente y la gravedad, significativamente mayor. No se observó una correlación significativa entre la concentración de vitamina D y el sexo, la obesidad, las pruebas funcionales respiratorias, las pruebas cutáneas, la concentración sérica de eosinófilos e inmunoglobulina E (IgE) total. Conclusión. La deficiencia y la insuficiencia de vitamina D fueron más frecuentes en los niños con asma, en comparación con los niños del grupo de referencia. Una menor concentración de vitamina D se asocia con un control deficiente del asma y una mayor gravedad de esta.
Background. The objective was to determine vitamin D levels in patients between the ages 6 and 18 years, followed for asthma, and the relation between vitamin D levels and asthma control and severity. Materials and Methods. Patients with asthma and healthy volunteers between the ages 6 and 18 years were enrolled into the study as patient and control groups, respectively. Patient demographic information and clinical findings were recorded; a respiratory function test was performed. Body mass index (BMI), 25(OH) D,calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, total IgE and eosinophil levels were determined for all patients. Asthma severity and control conditions were established based on GINA (Global Initiative for Asthma) criteria. Results. Seventy two patients with asthma and 66 healthy children were included. Compared to the control group, decreased serum vitamin D levels were detected in patient group. Thirty eight (52.8%) patients in asthma patient group had vitamin D defficiency; in this group, asthma control was poor and asthma severity was significantly higher. No significant correlation was found between vitamin D levels and gender, obesity, respiratory functions, skin test, serum eosinophil and total IgE levels. Conclusion. The frequency of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was higher in children with asthma, compared to the controls. Lower levels of vitamin D are associated with poor asthma control and increased asthma severity.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Asthma/complications , Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives , Asthma/blood , Asthma/therapy , Vitamin D/blood , Vitamin D Deficiency/complications , Severity of Illness Index , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
Context: To evaluate the necessity of ocular screening in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). Aims: This study aims to investigate the diabetes‑related ocular changes according to the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level and duration of diabetes in children and compare the results with nondiabetic healthy children. Settings and Design: Observational cross‑sectional study designed by ophthalmology and pediatric endocrinology clinics. Subjects and Methods: Forty‑two children with Type 1 DM, 42 healthy gender‑ and age‑matched children as controls were enrolled. All patients underwent ophthalmic and physical examination, with a review of medical history and current medication. HbA1c level, best corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), tear break‑up time (BUT), Schirmer test, dilated fundus examination findings, central retinal thickness (CRT), and total macular volume (TMV) measurements were noted. Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistics, Student’s t‑test, Mann–Whitney U‑test, Chi‑square test for comparison of the group parameters and correlation analyses (Spearman analysis) were performed with SPSS statistical software 17.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: Type 1 DM group exhibited significantly reduced Schirmer test, increased IOP and decreased retinal thickness relative to the age‑matched control group (P < 0.05) but no statistically significant difference was found for the BUT (P = 0.182) and for the CCT (P = 0.495). The correlations between the age, duration, HbA1c and IOP, BUT, Schirmer test, TMV, CRT measurements did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: More frequent screening may be needed for complications, including neuropathy‑related dry eye syndrome, IOP changes, and diabetic retinopathy in children with Type 1 DM.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To perform neurodevelopmental evaluation at 18 to 24 months’ corrected age in very low birth infants (VLBW) with transient hypothyroxinemia. Design: Cohort study. Setting: Maternity teaching hospital. Patients: Premature infants who were previously evaluated for thyroid hormone values in the first weeks of life were included. Intervention: Data of these infants who weighed ≤1500 g and ≤32 weeks of gestation were retrieved for the current study. Available subjects (n=56) were evaluated for neurodevelopmental status at 18 to 24 months of corrected age. Bayley Scales of Infant Development –Second Edition (BSID-II) was performed to define Mental developmental index (MDI) and Psychomotor developmental index (PDI). Results: The mean MDI and PDI scores were similar between the infants with and without transient hypothyroxinemia of prematurity (THOP) [79.9 ± 14.9 vs 70 ± 20.7, respectively (P=0.54); and 92.2 ± 16.4 vs 85.6 ± 18.9, respectively (P=0.68)]. After adjustment for gestational age and multiple prenatal, perinatal, and early and late neonatal variables, THOP was not associated with an increased risk of disabling cerebral palsy, or a reduction of MDI and PDI scores. Conclusions: THOP may not be an important cause of problems in neurologic and mental development detected at the age of 18 to 24 months’ corrected age.